Banku with Tilapia
Banku ne Tilapia (BAHN-koo neh tee-LAH-pee-ah)
Banku with Grilled Tilapia
Smooth, fermented corn and cassava dough balls served alongside whole grilled tilapia and a fiery pepper sauce. The tangy banku and smoky fish create an unforgettable combination.
Nutrition & Info
Allergen Warnings
Equipment Needed
Presentation Guide
Vessel: large plate
Garnishes: sliced tomatoes, onions, fresh pepper
Accompaniments: pepper sauce (shito), grilled tilapia
Instructions
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1
Mix the fermented corn dough and cassava dough together in a large bowl. Gradually add one cup of water, stirring until you have a smooth, lump-free slurry. The mixture should be pourable but not watery, like thick pancake batter.
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2
Pour the dough slurry into a heavy-bottomed pot and place over medium heat. Begin stirring continuously with a strong wooden spoon or banku stick. As the mixture heats, it will gradually thicken and become increasingly difficult to stir.
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3
Continue cooking and stirring vigorously for twenty to twenty-five minutes, adding splashes of water as needed to prevent the banku from becoming too stiff. The finished banku should be smooth, elastic, and pull cleanly away from the sides of the pot.
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4
Wet your hands and shape the hot banku into smooth round balls, about the size of a tennis ball. Place each ball in a small bowl to maintain its round shape. Cover with a damp cloth to keep warm while you prepare the fish and pepper sauce.
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5
Season the scored whole tilapia with salt inside and out, rubbing it into the cuts. Grill over hot charcoal for seven to eight minutes per side, brushing with oil regularly, until the skin is crispy, charred in spots, and the flesh flakes easily from the bone.
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6
Prepare the pepper sauce by blending tomatoes, scotch bonnet peppers, onion, and garlic into a coarse paste. Fry this paste in vegetable oil over medium heat for fifteen minutes, stirring frequently, until the raw flavour cooks out and the oil floats on top.
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7
Serve each plate with a ball of banku, a whole grilled tilapia, and a generous portion of the pepper sauce on the side. Diners tear off pieces of banku with their right hand and use them to pick up pieces of fish and scoop up the spicy pepper sauce.
Did You Know?
The vigorous stirring required to make banku is considered great exercise — Ghanaian grandmothers have the strongest arms in the family.
Chef's Notes
Equipment Tips
- large pot
- wooden paddle
- grill
- mortar and pestle
Garnishing
sliced tomatoes, onions, fresh pepper
Accompaniments
pepper sauce (shito), grilled tilapia
The Story Behind Banku with Tilapia
The Story: Banku is a smooth, fermented corn and cassava dough cooked into a dense, stretchy ball, served alongside grilled tilapia and a fiery pepper sauce. The fermentation of corn dough is an ancient Ga and Ewe technique that predates European contact, producing a slightly sour flavor that complements the richness of grilled fish. Tilapia, farmed in Ghana's rivers and the Volta Lake since the mid-twentieth century, became the ideal pairing for this coastal classic.
On the Calendar: Banku and tilapia is an everyday meal along Ghana's coast, particularly in Greater Accra and the Volta Region. It is especially popular at outdoor chop bars and beachside cookouts, where the fish is grilled over charcoal and served with shito (black pepper sauce) and fresh pepper.
Then & Now: Once a simple fisherman's meal, banku and tilapia has become one of Ghana's most celebrated dishes, served in restaurants from Accra to international Ghanaian establishments. The Volta Lake tilapia industry has made fresh fish widely available, while the traditional fermented dough preparation remains unchanged.
Legacy: Banku and tilapia represents the marriage of Ghana's agricultural fermentation traditions with its abundant aquatic resources, a dish that tastes of the coast and the culture that thrives along it.
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