Fluffy steamed buns filled with braised beef, pickled mustard greens, cilantro, and crushed peanuts. A iconic Taiwanese street food.
Nutrition & Info
Allergen Warnings
Equipment Needed
Presentation Guide
Vessel: bamboo steamer basket
Garnishes: crushed peanuts, fresh cilantro, pickled mustard greens
Instructions
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1
Place the beef brisket in a heavy pot and add the soy sauce, rice wine, brown sugar, five-spice powder, ginger slices, and enough water to cover the meat by two centimetres. Bring to a boil over high heat, skimming any foam that rises.
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2
Reduce the heat to very low, cover tightly, and braise the beef for two to two and a half hours, turning it once halfway through. The meat is done when it can be easily shredded with two forks but still holds together when sliced.
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3
Remove the beef from the braising liquid and let it rest for ten minutes. Strain the liquid and simmer it over medium heat for ten minutes to reduce it to a concentrated, glossy sauce. Slice the beef across the grain into five-millimetre pieces.
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4
Prepare the steamed buns by setting up a bamboo steamer over a pot of simmering water. Steam the bao buns for five to seven minutes until they are puffy, pillowy soft, and slightly glossy on the surface.
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5
Prepare the garnishes by squeezing excess liquid from the pickled mustard greens and chopping them finely. Place the crushed peanuts in a small bowl and pick the cilantro sprigs, keeping the tender leaves and stems intact.
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6
Open each steamed bun along its fold and place two to three slices of braised beef inside. Top with a spoonful of pickled mustard greens, a generous sprinkle of crushed peanuts, and a few cilantro sprigs.
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7
Drizzle each assembled gua bao with a little of the reduced braising sauce and a drop of sesame oil. Serve immediately while the buns are still warm and the contrast between the soft bread, rich meat, and crunchy peanuts is at its best.
Did You Know?
Gua bao inspired the global bao craze that took Western cities by storm.
Chef's Notes
Equipment Tips
- steamer
- wok
- cutting board
Garnishing
crushed peanuts, fresh cilantro, pickled mustard greens
The Story Behind Gua Bao
The Story: Gua bao is a folded steamed bun cradling braised beef, pickled mustard greens, ground peanuts, and fresh cilantro. The steamed bun (mantou) traces its origins to northern China, but the gua bao assembly is a distinctly Taiwanese creation that evolved in the island's night markets and street stalls during the twentieth century. The name gua bao literally means cut bread, referring to the scored and folded bun. The dish also carries cultural symbolism: the bun's resemblance to a tiger's mouth gave rise to the nickname hu yao zhu, and it is traditionally associated with the end-of-year prayer ceremony.
On the Calendar: Gua bao is eaten year-round as a street snack, but it holds special significance during the Wei Ya celebration, the year-end thanksgiving dinner hosted by business owners for their employees, typically in the twelfth lunar month.
Then & Now: Once a humble night market snack, gua bao has become one of Taiwan's most successful culinary exports, inspiring gourmet bao shops from London to New York. The original Taiwanese version, with its balance of rich meat, sharp pickles, and nutty sweetness, remains the template against which all others are measured.
Legacy: Gua bao is proof that Taiwan's night markets are not merely places to eat but incubators of dishes that conquer the world.
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